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N.E.B. Ezra
Nissim Elias Benjamin Ezra (1883–1936), commonly known as N.E.B. Ezra, was a Baghdadi Jewish publisher and Zionist based in Shanghai. He founded the Shanghai Zionist Association in 1903 and its official newspaper, ''Israel's Messenger'', one of China's oldest and most sophisticated Jewish periodicals. He served as Editor-in-Chief of the newspaper for more than 30 years until his death in 1936. Influenced by Ezra, his nephews started the newspaper ''Jewish Tribune'' in Bombay, India.
==Biography==
Nissim Elias Benjamin Ezra was a Baghdadi Jew born in Lahore, British India (now Pakistan), and settled in Shanghai, China. An ardent Zionist, he established the Shanghai Zionist Association in 1903 and its official newspaper, ''Israel's Messenger'', in 1904. The newspaper was one of China's oldest Jewish periodicals, and became one of the most sophisticated under the Ezra's leadership. He served as Editor-in-Chief of the newspaper for more than 30 years until his death in 1936. It was also circulated in the United States, where it successfully positioned itself as the most authoritative Jewish voice in East Asia.
Ezra also served as the main leader of the Shanghai Zionist Association, which had about 100 members in March 1905, for many years. A major financial supporter of the movement was the tycoon Elly Kadoorie, who became chairman of the SZA in 1915. Despite their efforts, Zionism did not become a major cause of the wealthy Baghdadi Jews of Shanghai, who were organized as the Shanghai Jewish Community Association. On the other hand, Ezra received support from Sun Yat-sen, leader of China's nationalist revolution. In a letter to Ezra dated 24 April 1920, Sun wrote that "all lovers of Democracy cannot help but support wholeheartedly and welcome with enthusiasm the movement to restore your wonderful and historic nation, which has contributed so much to the civilization of the world and which rightfully deserves an honorable place in the family of nations."
Ezra's nephews, the Sargon brothers (Benjamin, Joseph, and David) of Bombay, grew up reading ''Israel's Messenger''. Greatly influenced by Ezra's journalistic concepts, the brothers edited the ''Jewish Advocate'' (later renamed the ''Jewish Tribune'') in the 1930s, bringing it to a much higher level of professionalism than the older Jewish newspapers of Bombay.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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